This seminar is designed to give participants an overview and an in-depth understanding and knowledge of the operations of the Letter of Credit and international trade financing.
This seminar aims to provide both the practical and theoretical aspects of the latest and the most effective ways of handling Letter of Credit,  its applications, and its fraud prevention

1) Incoterms: Its Rules and Applications
* Incoterms 2000
* Meaning of EXW, FCA, FOB, CFR, and CIF
* How to use the terms to your advantage
* Responsibilities of buyer and seller
* Meaning of title and transfer of risk
* Its customs of trade
2) The Fundamental of International Trade Financing
* Finance for exporter & importer
* Factors for financing
* Types of payments
* Export Credit Insurance
* International Export factoring
* Trust Receipt and Discounting Bill
* How to do financing in Back-to-Back LC
3) The Elements of Letter of Credit
* Operation of Letter of Credit
* Rules concerning the application of L/C
* Methods of overcoming discrepancies
* Effective methods of checking L/Cl
* How to do financing in Back-to bacl L/C
* Understanding UCP 600
4) Understanding International Fraud and Prevention
* Understanding of LC fraud
* Characteristics of LC fraud
* Methods of LC fraud
* Malpractices and weakness in shipping practices
* How to prevent fraud

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